diff --git a/dangerzone/cli.py b/dangerzone/cli.py
index 8f68e62..7a0acfb 100644
--- a/dangerzone/cli.py
+++ b/dangerzone/cli.py
@@ -42,6 +42,11 @@ def print_header(s: str) -> None:
     type=click.UNPROCESSED,
     callback=args.validate_input_filenames,
 )
+@click.option(
+    "--debug",
+    "debug",
+    flag_value=True,
+    help="Run Dangerzone in debug mode, to get logs from gVisor.")
 @click.version_option(version=get_version(), message="%(version)s")
 @errors.handle_document_errors
 def cli_main(
@@ -50,6 +55,7 @@ def cli_main(
     filenames: List[str],
     archive: bool,
     dummy_conversion: bool,
+    debug: bool,
 ) -> None:
     setup_logging()
 
@@ -58,7 +64,7 @@ def cli_main(
     elif is_qubes_native_conversion():
         dangerzone = DangerzoneCore(Qubes())
     else:
-        dangerzone = DangerzoneCore(Container())
+        dangerzone = DangerzoneCore(Container(debug=debug))
 
     display_banner()
     if len(filenames) == 1 and output_filename:
diff --git a/dangerzone/isolation_provider/base.py b/dangerzone/isolation_provider/base.py
index 7b353b7..23a8314 100644
--- a/dangerzone/isolation_provider/base.py
+++ b/dangerzone/isolation_provider/base.py
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ import platform
 import signal
 import subprocess
 import sys
+import threading
+from queue import Queue
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from typing import IO, Callable, Iterator, Optional
 
@@ -86,11 +88,20 @@ class IsolationProvider(ABC):
     Abstracts an isolation provider
     """
 
-    def __init__(self) -> None:
-        if getattr(sys, "dangerzone_dev", False) is True:
+    def __init__(self, debug: bool = False) -> None:
+        self.debug = debug
+        if self.should_capture_stderr():
             self.proc_stderr = subprocess.PIPE
         else:
             self.proc_stderr = subprocess.DEVNULL
+        self.stderr_queue = Queue()
+
+    def should_capture_stderr(self) -> bool:
+        return self.debug or getattr(sys, "dangerzone_dev", False)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_runtime_available() -> bool:
+        return True
 
     @abstractmethod
     def install(self) -> bool:
@@ -344,9 +355,9 @@ class IsolationProvider(ABC):
             )
 
             # Read the stderr of the process only if:
-            # * Dev mode is enabled.
+            # * We're in debug mode
             # * The process has exited (else we risk hanging).
-            if getattr(sys, "dangerzone_dev", False) and p.poll() is not None:
+            if self.should_capture_stderr() and p.poll() is not None:
                 assert p.stderr
                 debug_log = read_debug_text(p.stderr, MAX_CONVERSION_LOG_CHARS)
                 log.info(
@@ -355,3 +366,23 @@ class IsolationProvider(ABC):
                     f"{debug_log}"  # no need for an extra newline here
                     f"{DOC_TO_PIXELS_LOG_END}"
                 )
+
+    def _stream_stderr(self, stderr, queue: Queue) -> None:
+        """Read stderr in a separate thread to avoid blocking"""
+        try:
+            for line in stderr:
+                queue.put(line)
+                if self.debug:
+                    log.debug(line.decode().strip())
+        except (ValueError, IOError) as e:
+            log.debug(f"Stderr stream closed: {e}")
+
+    def start_stderr_thread(self, process: subprocess.Popen) -> None:
+        """Start a thread to read stderr from the process"""
+        if process.stderr:
+            stderr_thread = threading.Thread(
+                target=self._stream_stderr,
+                args=(process.stderr, self.stderr_queue),
+                daemon=True
+            )
+            stderr_thread.start()
diff --git a/dangerzone/isolation_provider/container.py b/dangerzone/isolation_provider/container.py
index 1a08385..881914a 100644
--- a/dangerzone/isolation_provider/container.py
+++ b/dangerzone/isolation_provider/container.py
@@ -168,6 +168,10 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
     ) -> subprocess.Popen:
         container_runtime = container_utils.get_runtime()
         security_args = self.get_runtime_security_args()
+        debug_args = []
+        if self.debug:
+            debug_args += ["-e", "RUNSC_DEBUG=1"]
+
         enable_stdin = ["-i"]
         set_name = ["--name", name]
         prevent_leakage_args = ["--rm"]
@@ -177,6 +181,7 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         args = (
             ["run"]
             + security_args
+            + debug_args
             + prevent_leakage_args
             + enable_stdin
             + set_name
@@ -184,7 +189,22 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
             + command
         )
         args = [container_runtime] + args
-        return self.exec(args)
+        args_str = " ".join(shlex.quote(s) for s in args)
+        log.info("> " + args_str)
+
+        process = subprocess.Popen(
+            args,
+            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,  # Always pipe stderr
+            startupinfo=startupinfo,
+            start_new_session=True,
+        )
+        
+        # Start stderr reader thread
+        self.start_stderr_thread(process)
+        
+        return process
 
     def kill_container(self, name: str) -> None:
         """Terminate a spawned container.
diff --git a/dangerzone/logic.py b/dangerzone/logic.py
index 786fc44..9bf8e05 100644
--- a/dangerzone/logic.py
+++ b/dangerzone/logic.py
@@ -66,11 +66,25 @@ class DangerzoneCore(object):
     ) -> None:
         def convert_doc(document: Document) -> None:
             try:
+                # Clear any existing stderr output
+                while not self.isolation_provider.stderr_queue.empty():
+                    self.isolation_provider.stderr_queue.get_nowait()
+
                 self.isolation_provider.convert(
                     document,
                     ocr_lang,
                     stdout_callback,
                 )
+
+                # Process any stderr output that was captured
+                while not self.isolation_provider.stderr_queue.empty():
+                    try:
+                        line = self.isolation_provider.stderr_queue.get_nowait()
+                        if stdout_callback:
+                            stdout_callback(True, line.decode().strip(), -1)
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        log.error(f"Error processing stderr: {e}")
+
             except Exception:
                 log.exception(
                     f"Unexpected error occurred while converting '{document}'"