FIXUP: Remove unnecessary container function

Now that our image tarball is not tagged as 'latest', we must first grab
the image tag first, and then refer to it. We can grab the tag either
from `share/image-id.txt` (if available) or with:

    docker load dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone --format {{ .Tag }}

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -74,6 +74,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Get current date
         id: date
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ jobs:
         id: cache-container-image
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
-          key: v2-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
+          key: v3-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
           path: |
             share/container.tar.gz
             share/image-id.txt
@@ -95,6 +97,7 @@ jobs:
           python3 ./install/common/build-image.py
           echo ${{ github.token }} | podman login ghcr.io -u USERNAME --password-stdin
           gunzip -c share/container.tar.gz | podman load
+          tag=$(cat share/image-id.txt)
           podman push \
-                  dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone \
-                  ${{ env.IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/dangerzone/dangerzone
+                  dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:$tag \
+                  ${{ env.IMAGE_REGISTRY }}/dangerzone/dangerzone:tag

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
 
       - name: Get current date
         id: date
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
         id: cache-container-image
         uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
-          key: v2-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
+          key: v3-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
           path: |-
             share/container.tar.gz
             share/image-id.txt
@@ -119,10 +121,14 @@ jobs:
           key: v1-tessdata-${{ hashFiles('./install/common/download-tessdata.py') }}
       - name: Run CLI tests
         run: poetry run make test
-      # Taken from: https://github.com/orgs/community/discussions/27149#discussioncomment-3254829
-      - name: Set path for candle and light
-        run: echo "C:\Program Files (x86)\WiX Toolset v3.14\bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-        shell: bash
+      - name: Set up .NET CLI environment
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v4
+        with:
+          dotnet-version: "8.x"
+      - name: Install WiX Toolset
+        run: dotnet tool install --global wix
+      - name: Add WiX UI extension
+        run: wix extension add --global WixToolset.UI.wixext
       - name: Build the MSI installer
         # NOTE: This also builds the .exe internally.
         run: poetry run .\install\windows\build-app.bat
@@ -221,7 +227,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Restore container cache
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         with:
-          key: v2-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
+          key: v3-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
           path: |-
             share/container.tar.gz
             share/image-id.txt
@@ -245,7 +251,7 @@ jobs:
   install-deb:
     name: "install-deb (${{ matrix.distro }} ${{ matrix.version }})"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: 
+    needs:
       - build-deb
     strategy:
       matrix:
@@ -328,7 +334,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Restore container image
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         with:
-          key: v2-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
+          key: v3-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
           path: |-
             share/container.tar.gz
             share/image-id.txt
@@ -423,7 +429,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Restore container image
         uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
         with:
-          key: v2-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
+          key: v3-${{ steps.date.outputs.date }}-${{ hashFiles('Dockerfile', 'dangerzone/conversion/common.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/doc_to_pixels.py', 'dangerzone/conversion/pixels_to_pdf.py', 'poetry.lock', 'gvisor_wrapper/entrypoint.py') }}
           path: |-
             share/container.tar.gz
             share/image-id.txt

.github/workflows/scan.yml

@@ -14,17 +14,24 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
       - name: Install container build dependencies
         run: sudo apt install pipx && pipx install poetry
       - name: Build container image
         run: python3 ./install/common/build-image.py --runtime docker --no-save
+      - name: Get image tag
+        id: tag
+        run: |
+          tag=$(docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone --format '{{ .Tag }}')
+          echo "tag=$tag" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       # NOTE: Scan first without failing, else we won't be able to read the scan
       # report.
       - name: Scan container image (no fail)
         uses: anchore/scan-action@v5
         id: scan_container
         with:
-          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest"
+          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:${{ steps.tag.outputs.tag }}"
           fail-build: false
           only-fixed: false
           severity-cutoff: critical
@@ -38,7 +45,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Scan container image
         uses: anchore/scan-action@v5
         with:
-          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest"
+          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:${{ steps.tag.outputs.tag }}"
           fail-build: true
           only-fixed: false
           severity-cutoff: critical

.github/workflows/scan_released.yml

@@ -24,13 +24,18 @@ jobs:
           CONTAINER_FILENAME=container-${VERSION:1}-${{ matrix.arch }}.tar.gz
           wget https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/releases/download/${VERSION}/${CONTAINER_FILENAME} -O ${CONTAINER_FILENAME}
           docker load -i ${CONTAINER_FILENAME}
+      - name: Get image tag
+        id: tag
+        run: |
+          tag=$(docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone --format '{{ .Tag }}')
+          echo "tag=$tag" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
       # NOTE: Scan first without failing, else we won't be able to read the scan
       # report.
       - name: Scan container image (no fail)
         uses: anchore/scan-action@v5
         id: scan_container
         with:
-          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest"
+          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:${{ steps.tag.outputs.tag }}"
           fail-build: false
           only-fixed: false
           severity-cutoff: critical
@@ -44,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Scan container image
         uses: anchore/scan-action@v5
         with:
-          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest"
+          image: "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:${{ steps.tag.outputs.tag }}"
           fail-build: true
           only-fixed: false
           severity-cutoff: critical

BUILD.md

@@ -471,11 +471,24 @@ poetry shell
 .\dev_scripts\dangerzone.bat
 ```
 
-### If you want to build the installer
+### If you want to build the Windows installer
 
-* Go to https://dotnet.microsoft.com/download/dotnet-framework and download and install .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 Runtime. I downloaded `dotnetfx35.exe`.
-* Go to https://wixtoolset.org/releases/ and download and install WiX toolset. I downloaded `wix314.exe`.
-* Add `C:\Program Files (x86)\WiX Toolset v3.14\bin` to the path ([instructions](https://web.archive.org/web/20230221104142/https://windowsloop.com/how-to-add-to-windows-path/)).
+Install [.NET SDK](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download) version 6 or later. Then, open a terminal and install the latest version of [WiX Toolset .NET tool](https://wixtoolset.org/) **v5** with:
+
+```sh
+dotnet tool install --global wix --version 5.*
+```
+
+Install the WiX UI extension. You may need to open a new terminal in order to use the newly installed `wix` .NET tool:
+
+```sh
+wix extension add --global WixToolset.UI.wixext/5.x.y
+```
+
+> [!IMPORTANT]  
+> To avoid compatibility issues, ensure the WiX UI extension version matches the version of the WiX Toolset.
+> 
+> Run `wix --version` to check the version of WiX Toolset you have installed and replace `5.x.y` with the full version number without the Git revision.
 
 ### If you want to sign binaries with Authenticode
 

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -16,6 +16,11 @@ since 0.4.1, and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.or
 
 - Platform support: Drop support for Fedora 39, since it's end-of-life ([#999](https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/pull/999))
 
+### Development changes
+
+- Build Dangerzone MSI with Wix Toolset 5 ([#929](https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/pull/929)).
+  Thanks [@jkarasti](https://github.com/jkarasti) for the contribution.
+
 ## [0.8.0](https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/compare/v0.8.0...0.7.1)
 
 ### Added

QA.md

@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ Close the Dangerzone application and get the container image for that
 version. For example:
 
 ```
-$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest
+$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone
 REPOSITORY                   TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       SIZE
-dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  latest      <image ID>    <date>        <size>
+dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  <tag>       <image ID>    <date>        <size>
 ```
 
 Then run the version under QA and ensure that the settings remain changed.
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ Afterwards check that new docker image was installed by running the same command
 and seeing the following differences:
 
 ```
-$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest
+$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone
 REPOSITORY                   TAG         IMAGE ID        CREATED       SIZE
-dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  latest      <different ID>  <newer date>  <different size>
+dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  <other tag> <different ID>  <newer date>  <different size>
 ```
 
 #### 4. Dangerzone successfully installs the container image

RELEASE.md

@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ Here is what you need to do:
   ```
 
 - [ ] Build the container image and the OCR language data
-  
+
   ```bash
   poetry run ./install/common/build-image.py
   poetry run ./install/common/download-tessdata.py
@@ -142,12 +142,10 @@ Here is what you need to do:
   poetry run ./install/macos/build-app.py
   ```
 
-- [ ] Make sure that the build application works with the containerd graph
-  driver (see [#933](https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/issues/933))
 - [ ] Sign the application bundle, and notarize it
-  
+
   You need to run this command as the account that has access to the code signing certificate
-  
+
   This command assumes that you have created, and stored in the Keychain, an
   application password associated with your Apple Developer ID, which will be
   used specifically for `notarytool`.
@@ -212,9 +210,6 @@ The Windows release is performed in a Windows 11 virtual machine (as opposed to
 - [ ] Copy the container image into the VM
   > [!IMPORTANT]
   > Instead of running `python .\install\windows\build-image.py` in the VM, run the build image script on the host (making sure to build for `linux/amd64`). Copy `share/container.tar.gz` and `share/image-id.txt` from the host into the `share` folder in the VM.
-  > Also, don't forget to add the supplementary image ID (see
-  > [#933](https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/issues/933)) in
-  > `share/image-id.txt`)
 - [ ] Run `poetry run .\install\windows\build-app.bat`
 - [ ] When you're done you will have `dist\Dangerzone.msi`
 
@@ -269,7 +264,7 @@ or create your own locally with:
 ./dev_scripts/env.py --distro fedora --version 41 build-dev
 
 # Build the latest container (skip if already built):
-./dev_scripts/env.py --distro fedora --version 41 run --dev bash -c "cd dangerzone && poetry run ./install/common/build-image.py" 
+./dev_scripts/env.py --distro fedora --version 41 run --dev bash -c "cd dangerzone && poetry run ./install/common/build-image.py"
 
 # Create a .rpm:
 ./dev_scripts/env.py --distro fedora --version 41 run --dev bash -c "cd dangerzone && ./install/linux/build-rpm.py"

dangerzone/container_utils.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+import gzip
+import logging
+import platform
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+from . import errors
+from .util import get_resource_path, get_subprocess_startupinfo
+
+CONTAINER_NAME = "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone"
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def get_runtime_name() -> str:
+    if platform.system() == "Linux":
+        runtime_name = "podman"
+    else:
+        # Windows, Darwin, and unknown use docker for now, dangerzone-vm eventually
+        runtime_name = "docker"
+    return runtime_name
+
+
+def get_runtime_version() -> Tuple[int, int]:
+    """Get the major/minor parts of the Docker/Podman version.
+
+    Some of the operations we perform in this module rely on some Podman features
+    that are not available across all of our platforms. In order to have a proper
+    fallback, we need to know the Podman version. More specifically, we're fine with
+    just knowing the major and minor version, since writing/installing a full-blown
+    semver parser is an overkill.
+    """
+    # Get the Docker/Podman version, using a Go template.
+    runtime = get_runtime_name()
+    if runtime == "podman":
+        query = "{{.Client.Version}}"
+    else:
+        query = "{{.Server.Version}}"
+
+    cmd = [runtime, "version", "-f", query]
+    try:
+        version = subprocess.run(
+            cmd,
+            startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
+            capture_output=True,
+            check=True,
+        ).stdout.decode()
+    except Exception as e:
+        msg = f"Could not get the version of the {runtime.capitalize()} tool: {e}"
+        raise RuntimeError(msg) from e
+
+    # Parse this version and return the major/minor parts, since we don't need the
+    # rest.
+    try:
+        major, minor, _ = version.split(".", 3)
+        return (int(major), int(minor))
+    except Exception as e:
+        msg = (
+            f"Could not parse the version of the {runtime.capitalize()} tool"
+            f" (found: '{version}') due to the following error: {e}"
+        )
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+
+def get_runtime() -> str:
+    container_tech = get_runtime_name()
+    runtime = shutil.which(container_tech)
+    if runtime is None:
+        raise errors.NoContainerTechException(container_tech)
+    return runtime
+
+
+def list_image_tags() -> List[str]:
+    """Get the tags of all loaded Dangerzone images.
+
+    This method returns a mapping of image tags to image IDs, for all Dangerzone
+    images. This can be useful when we want to find which are the local image tags,
+    and which image ID does the "latest" tag point to.
+    """
+    return (
+        subprocess.check_output(
+            [
+                get_runtime(),
+                "image",
+                "list",
+                "--format",
+                "{{ .Tag }}",
+                CONTAINER_NAME,
+            ],
+            text=True,
+            startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
+        )
+        .strip()
+        .split()
+    )
+
+
+def delete_image_tag(tag: str) -> None:
+    """Delete a Dangerzone image tag."""
+    name = CONTAINER_NAME + ":" + tag
+    log.warning(f"Deleting old container image: {name}")
+    try:
+        subprocess.check_output(
+            [get_runtime(), "rmi", "--force", name],
+            startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
+        )
+    except Exception as e:
+        log.warning(
+            f"Couldn't delete old container image '{name}', so leaving it there."
+            f" Original error: {e}"
+        )
+
+
+def get_expected_tag() -> str:
+    """Get the tag of the Dangerzone image tarball from the image-id.txt file."""
+    with open(get_resource_path("image-id.txt")) as f:
+        return f.read().strip()
+
+
+def load_image_tarball() -> None:
+    log.info("Installing Dangerzone container image...")
+    p = subprocess.Popen(
+        [get_runtime(), "load"],
+        stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+        startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
+    )
+
+    chunk_size = 4 << 20
+    compressed_container_path = get_resource_path("container.tar.gz")
+    with gzip.open(compressed_container_path) as f:
+        while True:
+            chunk = f.read(chunk_size)
+            if len(chunk) > 0:
+                if p.stdin:
+                    p.stdin.write(chunk)
+            else:
+                break
+    _, err = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode < 0:
+        if err:
+            error = err.decode()
+        else:
+            error = "No output"
+        raise errors.ImageInstallationException(
+            f"Could not install container image: {error}"
+        )
+
+    log.info("Successfully installed container image from")

dangerzone/errors.py

@@ -117,3 +117,26 @@ def handle_document_errors(func: F) -> F:
             sys.exit(1)
 
     return cast(F, wrapper)
+
+
+#### Container-related errors
+
+
+class ImageNotPresentException(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class ImageInstallationException(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class NoContainerTechException(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, container_tech: str) -> None:
+        super().__init__(f"{container_tech} is not installed")
+
+
+class NotAvailableContainerTechException(Exception):
+    def __init__(self, container_tech: str, error: str) -> None:
+        self.error = error
+        self.container_tech = container_tech
+        super().__init__(f"{container_tech} is not available")

dangerzone/gui/main_window.py

@@ -25,13 +25,7 @@ else:
 
 from .. import errors
 from ..document import SAFE_EXTENSION, Document
-from ..isolation_provider.container import (
-    Container,
-    NoContainerTechException,
-    NotAvailableContainerTechException,
-)
-from ..isolation_provider.dummy import Dummy
-from ..isolation_provider.qubes import Qubes, is_qubes_native_conversion
+from ..isolation_provider.qubes import is_qubes_native_conversion
 from ..util import format_exception, get_resource_path, get_version
 from .logic import Alert, CollapsibleBox, DangerzoneGui, UpdateDialog
 from .updater import UpdateReport
@@ -197,14 +191,11 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
         header_layout.addWidget(self.hamburger_button)
         header_layout.addSpacing(15)
 
-        if isinstance(self.dangerzone.isolation_provider, Container):
+        if self.dangerzone.isolation_provider.should_wait_install():
             # Waiting widget replaces content widget while container runtime isn't available
             self.waiting_widget: WaitingWidget = WaitingWidgetContainer(self.dangerzone)
             self.waiting_widget.finished.connect(self.waiting_finished)
-
-        elif isinstance(self.dangerzone.isolation_provider, Dummy) or isinstance(
-            self.dangerzone.isolation_provider, Qubes
-        ):
+        else:
             # Don't wait with dummy converter and on Qubes.
             self.waiting_widget = WaitingWidget()
             self.dangerzone.is_waiting_finished = True
@@ -500,11 +491,11 @@ class WaitingWidgetContainer(WaitingWidget):
         error: Optional[str] = None
 
         try:
-            self.dangerzone.isolation_provider.is_runtime_available()
-        except NoContainerTechException as e:
+            self.dangerzone.isolation_provider.is_available()
+        except errors.NoContainerTechException as e:
             log.error(str(e))
             state = "not_installed"
-        except NotAvailableContainerTechException as e:
+        except errors.NotAvailableContainerTechException as e:
             log.error(str(e))
             state = "not_running"
             error = e.error

dangerzone/isolation_provider/base.py

@@ -93,10 +93,6 @@ class IsolationProvider(ABC):
         else:
             self.proc_stderr = subprocess.DEVNULL
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def is_runtime_available() -> bool:
-        return True
-
     @abstractmethod
     def install(self) -> bool:
         pass
@@ -258,6 +254,16 @@ class IsolationProvider(ABC):
             )
         return errors.exception_from_error_code(error_code)
 
+    @abstractmethod
+    def should_wait_install(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether this isolation provider takes a lot of time to install."""
+        pass
+
+    @abstractmethod
+    def is_available(self) -> bool:
+        """Whether the backing implementation of the isolation provider is available."""
+        pass
+
     @abstractmethod
     def get_max_parallel_conversions(self) -> int:
         pass

dangerzone/isolation_provider/container.py

@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
-import gzip
 import logging
 import os
 import platform
 import shlex
-import shutil
 import subprocess
-from typing import List, Tuple
+from typing import List
 
+from .. import container_utils, errors
 from ..document import Document
 from ..util import get_resource_path, get_subprocess_startupinfo
 from .base import IsolationProvider, terminate_process_group
@@ -25,88 +24,8 @@ else:
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
-class NoContainerTechException(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, container_tech: str) -> None:
-        super().__init__(f"{container_tech} is not installed")
-
-
-class NotAvailableContainerTechException(Exception):
-    def __init__(self, container_tech: str, error: str) -> None:
-        self.error = error
-        self.container_tech = container_tech
-        super().__init__(f"{container_tech} is not available")
-
-
-class ImageNotPresentException(Exception):
-    pass
-
-
-class ImageInstallationException(Exception):
-    pass
-
-
 class Container(IsolationProvider):
     # Name of the dangerzone container
-    CONTAINER_NAME = "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone"
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def get_runtime_name() -> str:
-        if platform.system() == "Linux":
-            runtime_name = "podman"
-        else:
-            # Windows, Darwin, and unknown use docker for now, dangerzone-vm eventually
-            runtime_name = "docker"
-        return runtime_name
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def get_runtime_version() -> Tuple[int, int]:
-        """Get the major/minor parts of the Docker/Podman version.
-
-        Some of the operations we perform in this module rely on some Podman features
-        that are not available across all of our platforms. In order to have a proper
-        fallback, we need to know the Podman version. More specifically, we're fine with
-        just knowing the major and minor version, since writing/installing a full-blown
-        semver parser is an overkill.
-        """
-        # Get the Docker/Podman version, using a Go template.
-        runtime = Container.get_runtime_name()
-        if runtime == "podman":
-            query = "{{.Client.Version}}"
-        else:
-            query = "{{.Server.Version}}"
-
-        cmd = [runtime, "version", "-f", query]
-        try:
-            version = subprocess.run(
-                cmd,
-                startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
-                capture_output=True,
-                check=True,
-            ).stdout.decode()
-        except Exception as e:
-            msg = f"Could not get the version of the {runtime.capitalize()} tool: {e}"
-            raise RuntimeError(msg) from e
-
-        # Parse this version and return the major/minor parts, since we don't need the
-        # rest.
-        try:
-            major, minor, _ = version.split(".", 3)
-            return (int(major), int(minor))
-        except Exception as e:
-            msg = (
-                f"Could not parse the version of the {runtime.capitalize()} tool"
-                f" (found: '{version}') due to the following error: {e}"
-            )
-            raise RuntimeError(msg)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def get_runtime() -> str:
-        container_tech = Container.get_runtime_name()
-        runtime = shutil.which(container_tech)
-        if runtime is None:
-            raise NoContainerTechException(container_tech)
-        return runtime
-
     @staticmethod
     def get_runtime_security_args() -> List[str]:
         """Security options applicable to the outer Dangerzone container.
@@ -127,12 +46,12 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         * Do not log the container's output.
         * Do not map the host user to the container, with `--userns nomap` (available
           from Podman 4.1 onwards)
-          - This particular argument is specified in `start_doc_to_pixels_proc()`, but
-            should move here once #748 is merged.
         """
-        if Container.get_runtime_name() == "podman":
+        if container_utils.get_runtime_name() == "podman":
             security_args = ["--log-driver", "none"]
             security_args += ["--security-opt", "no-new-privileges"]
+            if container_utils.get_runtime_version() >= (4, 1):
+                security_args += ["--userns", "nomap"]
         else:
             security_args = ["--security-opt=no-new-privileges:true"]
 
@@ -156,51 +75,52 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
 
     @staticmethod
     def install() -> bool:
+        """Install the container image tarball, or verify that it's already installed.
+
+        Perform the following actions:
+        1. Get the tags of any locally available images that match Dangerzone's image
+           name.
+        2. Get the expected image tag from the image-id.txt file.
+           - If this tag is present in the local images, then we can return.
+           - Else, prune the older container images and continue.
+        3. Load the image tarball and make sure it matches the expected tag.
         """
-        Make sure the podman container is installed. Linux only.
-        """
-        if Container.is_container_installed():
+        old_tags = container_utils.list_image_tags()
+        expected_tag = container_utils.get_expected_tag()
+
+        if expected_tag not in old_tags:
+            # Prune older container images.
+            log.info(
+                f"Could not find a Dangerzone container image with tag '{expected_tag}'"
+            )
+            for tag in old_tags:
+                container_utils.delete_image_tag(tag)
+        else:
             return True
 
-        # Load the container into podman
-        log.info("Installing Dangerzone container image...")
+        # Load the image tarball into the container runtime.
+        container_utils.load_image_tarball()
 
-        p = subprocess.Popen(
-            [Container.get_runtime(), "load"],
-            stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
-            startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
-        )
-
-        chunk_size = 4 << 20
-        compressed_container_path = get_resource_path("container.tar.gz")
-        with gzip.open(compressed_container_path) as f:
-            while True:
-                chunk = f.read(chunk_size)
-                if len(chunk) > 0:
-                    if p.stdin:
-                        p.stdin.write(chunk)
-                else:
-                    break
-        _, err = p.communicate()
-        if p.returncode < 0:
-            if err:
-                error = err.decode()
-            else:
-                error = "No output"
-            raise ImageInstallationException(
-                f"Could not install container image: {error}"
+        # Check that the container image has the expected image tag.
+        # See https://github.com/freedomofpress/dangerzone/issues/988 for an example
+        # where this was not the case.
+        new_tags = container_utils.list_image_tags()
+        if expected_tag not in new_tags:
+            raise errors.ImageNotPresentException(
+                f"Could not find expected tag '{expected_tag}' after loading the"
+                " container image tarball"
             )
 
-        if not Container.is_container_installed(raise_on_error=True):
-            return False
-
-        log.info("Container image installed")
         return True
 
     @staticmethod
-    def is_runtime_available() -> bool:
-        container_runtime = Container.get_runtime()
-        runtime_name = Container.get_runtime_name()
+    def should_wait_install() -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_available() -> bool:
+        container_runtime = container_utils.get_runtime()
+        runtime_name = container_utils.get_runtime_name()
         # Can we run `docker/podman image ls` without an error
         with subprocess.Popen(
             [container_runtime, "image", "ls"],
@@ -210,61 +130,11 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         ) as p:
             _, stderr = p.communicate()
             if p.returncode != 0:
-                raise NotAvailableContainerTechException(runtime_name, stderr.decode())
+                raise errors.NotAvailableContainerTechException(
+                    runtime_name, stderr.decode()
+                )
             return True
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def is_container_installed(raise_on_error: bool = False) -> bool:
-        """
-        See if the container is installed.
-        """
-        # Get the image id
-        with open(get_resource_path("image-id.txt")) as f:
-            expected_image_ids = f.read().strip().split()
-
-        # See if this image is already installed
-        installed = False
-        found_image_id = subprocess.check_output(
-            [
-                Container.get_runtime(),
-                "image",
-                "list",
-                "--format",
-                "{{.ID}}",
-                Container.CONTAINER_NAME,
-            ],
-            text=True,
-            startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
-        )
-        found_image_id = found_image_id.strip()
-
-        if found_image_id in expected_image_ids:
-            installed = True
-        elif found_image_id == "":
-            if raise_on_error:
-                raise ImageNotPresentException(
-                    "Image is not listed after installation. Bailing out."
-                )
-        else:
-            msg = (
-                f"{Container.CONTAINER_NAME} images found, but IDs do not match."
-                f" Found: {found_image_id}, Expected: {','.join(expected_image_ids)}"
-            )
-            if raise_on_error:
-                raise ImageNotPresentException(msg)
-            log.info(msg)
-            log.info("Deleting old dangerzone container image")
-
-            try:
-                subprocess.check_output(
-                    [Container.get_runtime(), "rmi", "--force", found_image_id],
-                    startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
-                )
-            except Exception:
-                log.warning("Couldn't delete old container image, so leaving it there")
-
-        return installed
-
     def doc_to_pixels_container_name(self, document: Document) -> str:
         """Unique container name for the doc-to-pixels phase."""
         return f"dangerzone-doc-to-pixels-{document.id}"
@@ -295,21 +165,22 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         self,
         command: List[str],
         name: str,
-        extra_args: List[str] = [],
     ) -> subprocess.Popen:
-        container_runtime = self.get_runtime()
+        container_runtime = container_utils.get_runtime()
         security_args = self.get_runtime_security_args()
         enable_stdin = ["-i"]
         set_name = ["--name", name]
         prevent_leakage_args = ["--rm"]
+        image_name = [
+            container_utils.CONTAINER_NAME + ":" + container_utils.get_expected_tag()
+        ]
         args = (
             ["run"]
             + security_args
             + prevent_leakage_args
             + enable_stdin
             + set_name
-            + extra_args
-            + [self.CONTAINER_NAME]
+            + image_name
             + command
         )
         args = [container_runtime] + args
@@ -325,7 +196,7 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         connected to the Docker daemon, and killing it will just close the associated
         standard streams.
         """
-        container_runtime = self.get_runtime()
+        container_runtime = container_utils.get_runtime()
         cmd = [container_runtime, "kill", name]
         try:
             # We do not check the exit code of the process here, since the container may
@@ -358,15 +229,8 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
             "-m",
             "dangerzone.conversion.doc_to_pixels",
         ]
-        # NOTE: Using `--userns nomap` is available only on Podman >= 4.1.0.
-        # XXX: Move this under `get_runtime_security_args()` once #748 is merged.
-        extra_args = []
-        if Container.get_runtime_name() == "podman":
-            if Container.get_runtime_version() >= (4, 1):
-                extra_args += ["--userns", "nomap"]
-
         name = self.doc_to_pixels_container_name(document)
-        return self.exec_container(command, name=name, extra_args=extra_args)
+        return self.exec_container(command, name=name)
 
     def terminate_doc_to_pixels_proc(
         self, document: Document, p: subprocess.Popen
@@ -389,7 +253,7 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
         # after a podman kill / docker kill invocation, this will likely be the case,
         # else the container runtime (Docker/Podman) has experienced a problem, and we
         # should report it.
-        container_runtime = self.get_runtime()
+        container_runtime = container_utils.get_runtime()
         name = self.doc_to_pixels_container_name(document)
         all_containers = subprocess.run(
             [container_runtime, "ps", "-a"],
@@ -411,11 +275,11 @@ class Container(IsolationProvider):
             if cpu_count is not None:
                 n_cpu = cpu_count
 
-        elif self.get_runtime_name() == "docker":
+        elif container_utils.get_runtime_name() == "docker":
             # For Windows and MacOS containers run in VM
             # So we obtain the CPU count for the VM
             n_cpu_str = subprocess.check_output(
-                [self.get_runtime(), "info", "--format", "{{.NCPU}}"],
+                [container_utils.get_runtime(), "info", "--format", "{{.NCPU}}"],
                 text=True,
                 startupinfo=get_subprocess_startupinfo(),
             )

dangerzone/isolation_provider/dummy.py

@@ -39,6 +39,14 @@ class Dummy(IsolationProvider):
     def install(self) -> bool:
         return True
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_available() -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def should_wait_install() -> bool:
+        return False
+
     def start_doc_to_pixels_proc(self, document: Document) -> subprocess.Popen:
         cmd = [
             sys.executable,

dangerzone/isolation_provider/qubes.py

@@ -21,6 +21,14 @@ class Qubes(IsolationProvider):
     def install(self) -> bool:
         return True
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def is_available() -> bool:
+        return True
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def should_wait_install() -> bool:
+        return False
+
     def get_max_parallel_conversions(self) -> int:
         return 1
 

dev_scripts/qa.py

@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ Close the Dangerzone application and get the container image for that
 version. For example:
 
 ```
-$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest
+$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone
 REPOSITORY                   TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       SIZE
-dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  latest      <image ID>    <date>        <size>
+dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  <tag>       <image ID>    <date>        <size>
 ```
 
 Then run the version under QA and ensure that the settings remain changed.
@@ -138,9 +138,9 @@ Afterwards check that new docker image was installed by running the same command
 and seeing the following differences:
 
 ```
-$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest
+$ docker images dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone
 REPOSITORY                   TAG         IMAGE ID        CREATED       SIZE
-dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  latest      <different ID>  <newer date>  <different size>
+dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone  <other tag> <different ID>  <newer date>  <different size>
 ```
 
 #### 4. Dangerzone successfully installs the container image

install/common/build-image.py

@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@ import argparse
 import gzip
 import os
 import platform
+import secrets
 import subprocess
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 BUILD_CONTEXT = "dangerzone/"
-TAG = "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone:latest"
+IMAGE_NAME = "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone"
 REQUIREMENTS_TXT = "container-pip-requirements.txt"
 if platform.system() in ["Darwin", "Windows"]:
     CONTAINER_RUNTIME = "docker"
@@ -44,8 +45,31 @@ def main():
     )
     args = parser.parse_args()
 
+    tarball_path = Path("share") / "container.tar.gz"
+    image_id_path = Path("share") / "image-id.txt"
+
     print(f"Building for architecture '{ARCH}'")
 
+    # Designate a unique tag for this image, depending on the Git commit it was created
+    # from:
+    # 1. If created from a Git tag (e.g., 0.8.0), the image tag will be `0.8.0`.
+    # 2. If created from a commit, it will be something like `0.8.0-31-g6bdaa7a`.
+    # 3. If the contents of the Git repo are dirty, we will append a unique identifier
+    #    for this run, something like `0.8.0-31-g6bdaa7a-fdcb` or `0.8.0-fdcb`.
+    dirty_ident = secrets.token_hex(2)
+    tag = (
+        subprocess.check_output(
+            ["git", "describe", "--long", "--first-parent", f"--dirty=-{dirty_ident}"],
+        )
+        .decode()
+        .strip()[1:]  # remove the "v" prefix of the tag.
+    )
+    image_name_tagged = IMAGE_NAME + ":" + tag
+
+    print(f"Will tag the container image as '{image_name_tagged}'")
+    with open(image_id_path, "w") as f:
+        f.write(tag)
+
     print("Exporting container pip dependencies")
     with ContainerPipDependencies():
         if not args.use_cache:
@@ -59,6 +83,7 @@ def main():
                 check=True,
             )
 
+        # Build the container image, and tag it with the calculated tag
         print("Building container image")
         cache_args = [] if args.use_cache else ["--no-cache"]
         subprocess.run(
@@ -74,7 +99,7 @@ def main():
                 "-f",
                 "Dockerfile",
                 "--tag",
-                TAG,
+                image_name_tagged,
             ],
             check=True,
         )
@@ -85,7 +110,7 @@ def main():
                 [
                     CONTAINER_RUNTIME,
                     "save",
-                    TAG,
+                    image_name_tagged,
                 ],
                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
             )
@@ -93,7 +118,7 @@ def main():
             print("Compressing container image")
             chunk_size = 4 << 20
             with gzip.open(
-                "share/container.tar.gz",
+                tarball_path,
                 "wb",
                 compresslevel=args.compress_level,
             ) as gzip_f:
@@ -105,21 +130,6 @@ def main():
                         break
             cmd.wait(5)
 
-    print("Looking up the image id")
-    image_id = subprocess.check_output(
-        [
-            args.runtime,
-            "image",
-            "list",
-            "--format",
-            "{{.ID}}",
-            TAG,
-        ],
-        text=True,
-    )
-    with open("share/image-id.txt", "w") as f:
-        f.write(image_id)
-
 
 class ContainerPipDependencies:
     """Generates PIP dependencies within container"""

install/windows/build-app.bat

@@ -17,22 +17,23 @@ signtool.exe sign /v /d "Dangerzone" /a /n "Freedom of the Press Foundation" /fd
 REM verify the signature of dangerzone-cli.exe
 signtool.exe verify /pa build\exe.win-amd64-3.12\dangerzone-cli.exe
 
-REM build the wix file
-python install\windows\build-wxs.py > build\Dangerzone.wxs
+REM build the wxs file
+python install\windows\build-wxs.py
 
 REM build the msi package
 cd build
-candle.exe Dangerzone.wxs
-light.exe -ext WixUIExtension Dangerzone.wixobj
+wix build -arch x64 -ext WixToolset.UI.wixext .\Dangerzone.wxs -out Dangerzone.msi
+
+REM validate Dangerzone.msi
+wix msi validate Dangerzone.msi
 
 REM code sign Dangerzone.msi
-insignia.exe -im Dangerzone.msi
 signtool.exe sign /v /d "Dangerzone" /a /n "Freedom of the Press Foundation" /fd sha256 /t http://time.certum.pl/ Dangerzone.msi
 
 REM verify the signature of Dangerzone.msi
 signtool.exe verify /pa Dangerzone.msi
 
-REM moving Dangerzone.msi to dist
+REM move Dangerzone.msi to dist
 cd ..
 mkdir dist
 move build\Dangerzone.msi dist

install/windows/build-wxs.py

@@ -4,114 +4,75 @@ import uuid
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 
 
-def build_data(dirname, dir_prefix, id_, name):
+def build_data(base_path, path_prefix, dir_id, dir_name):
     data = {
-        "id": id_,
-        "name": name,
+        "directory_name": dir_name,
+        "directory_id": dir_id,
         "files": [],
         "dirs": [],
     }
 
-    for basename in os.listdir(dirname):
-        filename = os.path.join(dirname, basename)
-        if os.path.isfile(filename):
-            data["files"].append(os.path.join(dir_prefix, basename))
-        elif os.path.isdir(filename):
-            if id_ == "INSTALLDIR":
-                id_prefix = "Folder"
+    if dir_id == "INSTALLFOLDER":
+        data["component_id"] = "ApplicationFiles"
+    else:
+        data["component_id"] = "Component" + dir_id
+    data["component_guid"] = str(uuid.uuid4()).upper()
+
+    for entry in os.listdir(base_path):
+        entry_path = os.path.join(base_path, entry)
+        if os.path.isfile(entry_path):
+            data["files"].append(os.path.join(path_prefix, entry))
+        elif os.path.isdir(entry_path):
+            if dir_id == "INSTALLFOLDER":
+                next_dir_prefix = "Folder"
             else:
-                id_prefix = id_
+                next_dir_prefix = dir_id
 
             # Skip lib/PySide6/examples folder due to ilegal file names
-            if "\\build\\exe.win-amd64-3.12\\lib\\PySide6\\examples" in dirname:
+            if "\\build\\exe.win-amd64-3.12\\lib\\PySide6\\examples" in base_path:
                 continue
 
             # Skip lib/PySide6/qml/QtQuick folder due to ilegal file names
             # XXX Since we're not using Qml it should be no problem
-            if "\\build\\exe.win-amd64-3.12\\lib\\PySide6\\qml\\QtQuick" in dirname:
+            if "\\build\\exe.win-amd64-3.12\\lib\\PySide6\\qml\\QtQuick" in base_path:
                 continue
 
-            id_value = f"{id_prefix}{basename.capitalize().replace('-', '_')}"
-            data["dirs"].append(
-                build_data(
-                    os.path.join(dirname, basename),
-                    os.path.join(dir_prefix, basename),
-                    id_value,
-                    basename,
-                )
+            next_dir_id = next_dir_prefix + entry.capitalize().replace("-", "_")
+            subdata = build_data(
+                os.path.join(base_path, entry),
+                os.path.join(path_prefix, entry),
+                next_dir_id,
+                entry,
             )
 
-    if len(data["files"]) > 0:
-        if id_ == "INSTALLDIR":
-            data["component_id"] = "ApplicationFiles"
-        else:
-            data["component_id"] = "FolderComponent" + id_[len("Folder") :]
-        data["component_guid"] = str(uuid.uuid4())
+            # Add the subdirectory only if it contains files or subdirectories
+            if subdata["files"] or subdata["dirs"]:
+                data["dirs"].append(subdata)
 
     return data
 
 
-def build_dir_xml(root, data):
+def build_directory_xml(root, data):
     attrs = {}
-    if "id" in data:
-        attrs["Id"] = data["id"]
-    if "name" in data:
-        attrs["Name"] = data["name"]
-    el = ET.SubElement(root, "Directory", attrs)
+    attrs["Id"] = data["directory_id"]
+    attrs["Name"] = data["directory_name"]
+    directory_el = ET.SubElement(root, "Directory", attrs)
     for subdata in data["dirs"]:
-        build_dir_xml(el, subdata)
-
-    # If this is the ProgramMenuFolder, add the menu component
-    if "id" in data and data["id"] == "ProgramMenuFolder":
-        component_el = ET.SubElement(
-            el,
-            "Component",
-            Id="ApplicationShortcuts",
-            Guid="539e7de8-a124-4c09-aa55-0dd516aad7bc",
-        )
-        ET.SubElement(
-            component_el,
-            "Shortcut",
-            Id="ApplicationShortcut1",
-            Name="Dangerzone",
-            Description="Dangerzone",
-            Target="[INSTALLDIR]dangerzone.exe",
-            WorkingDirectory="INSTALLDIR",
-        )
-        ET.SubElement(
-            component_el,
-            "RegistryValue",
-            Root="HKCU",
-            Key="Software\Freedom of the Press Foundation\Dangerzone",
-            Name="installed",
-            Type="integer",
-            Value="1",
-            KeyPath="yes",
-        )
+        build_directory_xml(directory_el, subdata)
 
 
 def build_components_xml(root, data):
-    component_ids = []
-    if "component_id" in data:
-        component_ids.append(data["component_id"])
-
+    component_el = ET.SubElement(
+        root,
+        "Component",
+        Id=data["component_id"],
+        Guid=data["component_guid"],
+        Directory=data["directory_id"],
+    )
+    for filename in data["files"]:
+        ET.SubElement(component_el, "File", Source=filename)
     for subdata in data["dirs"]:
-        if "component_guid" in subdata:
-            dir_ref_el = ET.SubElement(root, "DirectoryRef", Id=subdata["id"])
-            component_el = ET.SubElement(
-                dir_ref_el,
-                "Component",
-                Id=subdata["component_id"],
-                Guid=subdata["component_guid"],
-            )
-            for filename in subdata["files"]:
-                file_el = ET.SubElement(
-                    component_el, "File", Source=filename, Id="file_" + uuid.uuid4().hex
-                )
-
-        component_ids += build_components_xml(root, subdata)
-
-    return component_ids
+        build_components_xml(root, subdata)
 
 
 def main():
@@ -125,120 +86,188 @@ def main():
         # -rc markers.
         version = f.read().strip().split("-")[0]
 
-    dist_dir = os.path.join(
+    build_dir = os.path.join(
         os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))),
         "build",
-        "exe.win-amd64-3.12",
     )
+
+    cx_freeze_dir = "exe.win-amd64-3.12"
+
+    dist_dir = os.path.join(build_dir, cx_freeze_dir)
+
     if not os.path.exists(dist_dir):
         print("You must build the dangerzone binary before running this")
         return
 
-    data = {
-        "id": "TARGETDIR",
-        "name": "SourceDir",
-        "dirs": [
-            {
-                "id": "ProgramFilesFolder",
-                "dirs": [],
-            },
-            {
-                "id": "ProgramMenuFolder",
-                "dirs": [],
-            },
-        ],
-    }
-
-    data["dirs"][0]["dirs"].append(
-        build_data(
-            dist_dir,
-            "exe.win-amd64-3.12",
-            "INSTALLDIR",
-            "Dangerzone",
-        )
+    # Prepare data for WiX file harvesting from the output of cx_Freeze
+    data = build_data(
+        dist_dir,
+        cx_freeze_dir,
+        "INSTALLFOLDER",
+        "Dangerzone",
     )
 
-    root_el = ET.Element("Wix", xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi")
-    product_el = ET.SubElement(
-        root_el,
-        "Product",
+    # Add the Wix root element
+    wix_el = ET.Element(
+        "Wix",
+        {
+            "xmlns": "http://wixtoolset.org/schemas/v4/wxs",
+            "xmlns:ui": "http://wixtoolset.org/schemas/v4/wxs/ui",
+        },
+    )
+
+    # Add the Package element
+    package_el = ET.SubElement(
+        wix_el,
+        "Package",
         Name="Dangerzone",
         Manufacturer="Freedom of the Press Foundation",
-        Id="*",
-        UpgradeCode="$(var.ProductUpgradeCode)",
+        UpgradeCode="12B9695C-965B-4BE0-BC33-21274E809576",
         Language="1033",
-        Codepage="1252",
-        Version="$(var.ProductVersion)",
-    )
-    ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
-        "Package",
-        Id="*",
-        Keywords="Installer",
-        Description="Dangerzone $(var.ProductVersion) Installer",
-        Manufacturer="Freedom of the Press Foundation",
-        InstallerVersion="100",
-        Languages="1033",
         Compressed="yes",
-        SummaryCodepage="1252",
+        Codepage="1252",
+        Version=version,
     )
-    ET.SubElement(product_el, "Media", Id="1", Cabinet="product.cab", EmbedCab="yes")
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el, "Icon", Id="ProductIcon", SourceFile="..\\share\\dangerzone.ico"
+        package_el,
+        "SummaryInformation",
+        Keywords="Installer",
+        Description="Dangerzone " + version + " Installer",
+        Codepage="1252",
     )
-    ET.SubElement(product_el, "Property", Id="ARPPRODUCTICON", Value="ProductIcon")
+    ET.SubElement(package_el, "MediaTemplate", EmbedCab="yes")
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
+        package_el, "Icon", Id="ProductIcon", SourceFile="..\\share\\dangerzone.ico"
+    )
+    ET.SubElement(package_el, "Property", Id="ARPPRODUCTICON", Value="ProductIcon")
+    ET.SubElement(
+        package_el,
         "Property",
         Id="ARPHELPLINK",
         Value="https://dangerzone.rocks",
     )
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
+        package_el,
         "Property",
         Id="ARPURLINFOABOUT",
         Value="https://freedom.press",
     )
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
-        "Property",
-        Id="WIXUI_INSTALLDIR",
-        Value="INSTALLDIR",
+        package_el, "ui:WixUI", Id="WixUI_InstallDir", InstallDirectory="INSTALLFOLDER"
     )
-    ET.SubElement(product_el, "UIRef", Id="WixUI_InstallDir")
-    ET.SubElement(product_el, "UIRef", Id="WixUI_ErrorProgressText")
+    ET.SubElement(package_el, "UIRef", Id="WixUI_ErrorProgressText")
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
+        package_el,
         "WixVariable",
         Id="WixUILicenseRtf",
         Value="..\\install\\windows\\license.rtf",
     )
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
+        package_el,
         "WixVariable",
         Id="WixUIDialogBmp",
         Value="..\\install\\windows\\dialog.bmp",
     )
     ET.SubElement(
-        product_el,
+        package_el,
         "MajorUpgrade",
-        AllowSameVersionUpgrades="yes",
         DowngradeErrorMessage="A newer version of [ProductName] is already installed. If you are sure you want to downgrade, remove the existing installation via Programs and Features.",
     )
 
-    build_dir_xml(product_el, data)
-    component_ids = build_components_xml(product_el, data)
+    # Workaround for an issue after upgrading from WiX Toolset v3 to v5 where the previous
+    # version of Dangerzone is not uninstalled during the upgrade by checking if the older installation
+    # exists in "C:\Program Files (x86)\Dangerzone".
+    #
+    # Also handle a special case for Dangerzone 0.8.0 which allows choosing the install location
+    # during install by checking if the registry key for it exists.
+    #
+    # Note that this seems to allow installing Dangerzone 0.8.0 after installing Dangerzone from this branch.
+    # In this case the installer errors until Dangerzone 0.8.0 is uninstalled again
+    #
+    # TODO: Revert this once we are reasonably certain there aren't too many affected Dangerzone installations.
+    find_old_el = ET.SubElement(package_el, "Property", Id="OLDDANGERZONEFOUND")
+    directory_search_el = ET.SubElement(
+        find_old_el,
+        "DirectorySearch",
+        Id="dangerzone_install_folder",
+        Path="C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Dangerzone",
+    )
+    ET.SubElement(directory_search_el, "FileSearch", Name="dangerzone.exe")
+    registry_search_el = ET.SubElement(package_el, "Property", Id="DANGERZONE080FOUND")
+    ET.SubElement(
+        registry_search_el,
+        "RegistrySearch",
+        Root="HKLM",
+        Key="SOFTWARE\\WOW6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Uninstall\\{03C2D2B2-9955-4AED-831F-DA4E67FC0FDB}",
+        Name="DisplayName",
+        Type="raw",
+    )
+    ET.SubElement(
+        package_el,
+        "Launch",
+        Condition="NOT OLDDANGERZONEFOUND AND NOT DANGERZONE080FOUND",
+        Message="A previous version of [ProductName] is already installed. Please uninstall it from Programs and Features before proceeding with the installation.",
+    )
 
-    feature_el = ET.SubElement(product_el, "Feature", Id="DefaultFeature", Level="1")
-    for component_id in component_ids:
-        ET.SubElement(feature_el, "ComponentRef", Id=component_id)
+    # Add the ProgramMenuFolder StandardDirectory
+    programmenufolder_el = ET.SubElement(
+        package_el,
+        "StandardDirectory",
+        Id="ProgramMenuFolder",
+    )
+    # Add a shortcut for Dangerzone in the Start menu
+    shortcut_el = ET.SubElement(
+        programmenufolder_el,
+        "Component",
+        Id="ApplicationShortcuts",
+        Guid="539E7DE8-A124-4C09-AA55-0DD516AAD7BC",
+    )
+    ET.SubElement(
+        shortcut_el,
+        "Shortcut",
+        Id="DangerzoneStartMenuShortcut",
+        Name="Dangerzone",
+        Description="Dangerzone",
+        Target="[INSTALLFOLDER]dangerzone.exe",
+        WorkingDirectory="INSTALLFOLDER",
+    )
+    ET.SubElement(
+        shortcut_el,
+        "RegistryValue",
+        Root="HKCU",
+        Key="Software\\Freedom of the Press Foundation\\Dangerzone",
+        Name="installed",
+        Type="integer",
+        Value="1",
+        KeyPath="yes",
+    )
+
+    # Add the ProgramFilesFolder StandardDirectory
+    programfilesfolder_el = ET.SubElement(
+        package_el,
+        "StandardDirectory",
+        Id="ProgramFiles64Folder",
+    )
+
+    # Create the directory structure for the installed product
+    build_directory_xml(programfilesfolder_el, data)
+
+    # Create a component group for application components
+    applicationcomponents_el = ET.SubElement(
+        package_el, "ComponentGroup", Id="ApplicationComponents"
+    )
+    # Populate the application components group with components for the installed package
+    build_components_xml(applicationcomponents_el, data)
+
+    # Add the Feature element
+    feature_el = ET.SubElement(package_el, "Feature", Id="DefaultFeature", Level="1")
+    ET.SubElement(feature_el, "ComponentGroupRef", Id="ApplicationComponents")
     ET.SubElement(feature_el, "ComponentRef", Id="ApplicationShortcuts")
 
-    print('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="windows-1252"?>')
-    print(f'<?define ProductVersion = "{version}"?>')
-    print('<?define ProductUpgradeCode = "12b9695c-965b-4be0-bc33-21274e809576"?>')
-    ET.indent(root_el)
-    print(ET.tostring(root_el).decode())
+    ET.indent(wix_el, space="    ")
+
+    with open(os.path.join(build_dir, "Dangerzone.wxs"), "w") as wxs_file:
+        wxs_file.write(ET.tostring(wix_el).decode())
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":

tests/gui/test_main_window.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from pytest_mock import MockerFixture
 from pytest_subprocess import FakeProcess
 from pytestqt.qtbot import QtBot
 
+from dangerzone import errors
 from dangerzone.document import Document
 from dangerzone.gui import MainWindow
 from dangerzone.gui import main_window as main_window_module
@@ -25,11 +26,8 @@ from dangerzone.gui.main_window import (
     WaitingWidgetContainer,
 )
 from dangerzone.gui.updater import UpdateReport, UpdaterThread
-from dangerzone.isolation_provider.container import (
-    Container,
-    NoContainerTechException,
-    NotAvailableContainerTechException,
-)
+from dangerzone.isolation_provider.container import Container
+from dangerzone.isolation_provider.dummy import Dummy
 
 from .test_updater import assert_report_equal, default_updater_settings
 
@@ -510,9 +508,9 @@ def test_not_available_container_tech_exception(
 ) -> None:
     # Setup
     mock_app = mocker.MagicMock()
-    dummy = mocker.MagicMock()
-
-    dummy.is_runtime_available.side_effect = NotAvailableContainerTechException(
+    dummy = Dummy()
+    fn = mocker.patch.object(dummy, "is_available")
+    fn.side_effect = errors.NotAvailableContainerTechException(
         "podman", "podman image ls logs"
     )
 
@@ -535,7 +533,7 @@ def test_no_container_tech_exception(qtbot: QtBot, mocker: MockerFixture) -> Non
     dummy = mocker.MagicMock()
 
     # Raise
-    dummy.is_runtime_available.side_effect = NoContainerTechException("podman")
+    dummy.is_available.side_effect = errors.NoContainerTechException("podman")
 
     dz = DangerzoneGui(mock_app, dummy)
     widget = WaitingWidgetContainer(dz)

tests/isolation_provider/test_container.py

@@ -4,12 +4,8 @@ import pytest
 from pytest_mock import MockerFixture
 from pytest_subprocess import FakeProcess
 
-from dangerzone.isolation_provider.container import (
-    Container,
-    ImageInstallationException,
-    ImageNotPresentException,
-    NotAvailableContainerTechException,
-)
+from dangerzone import container_utils, errors
+from dangerzone.isolation_provider.container import Container
 from dangerzone.isolation_provider.qubes import is_qubes_native_conversion
 
 from .base import IsolationProviderTermination, IsolationProviderTest
@@ -27,31 +23,27 @@ def provider() -> Container:
 
 
 class TestContainer(IsolationProviderTest):
-    def test_is_runtime_available_raises(
-        self, provider: Container, fp: FakeProcess
-    ) -> None:
+    def test_is_available_raises(self, provider: Container, fp: FakeProcess) -> None:
         """
         NotAvailableContainerTechException should be raised when
         the "podman image ls" command fails.
         """
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
             returncode=-1,
             stderr="podman image ls logs",
         )
-        with pytest.raises(NotAvailableContainerTechException):
-            provider.is_runtime_available()
+        with pytest.raises(errors.NotAvailableContainerTechException):
+            provider.is_available()
 
-    def test_is_runtime_available_works(
-        self, provider: Container, fp: FakeProcess
-    ) -> None:
+    def test_is_available_works(self, provider: Container, fp: FakeProcess) -> None:
         """
         No exception should be raised when the "podman image ls" can return properly.
         """
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
         )
-        provider.is_runtime_available()
+        provider.is_available()
 
     def test_install_raise_if_image_cant_be_installed(
         self, mocker: MockerFixture, provider: Container, fp: FakeProcess
@@ -59,17 +51,17 @@ class TestContainer(IsolationProviderTest):
         """When an image installation fails, an exception should be raised"""
 
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
         )
 
         # First check should return nothing.
         fp.register_subprocess(
             [
-                provider.get_runtime(),
+                container_utils.get_runtime(),
                 "image",
                 "list",
                 "--format",
-                "{{.ID}}",
+                "{{ .Tag }}",
                 "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone",
             ],
             occurrences=2,
@@ -79,11 +71,11 @@ class TestContainer(IsolationProviderTest):
         mocker.patch("gzip.open", mocker.mock_open(read_data=""))
 
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "load"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "load"],
             returncode=-1,
         )
 
-        with pytest.raises(ImageInstallationException):
+        with pytest.raises(errors.ImageInstallationException):
             provider.install()
 
     def test_install_raises_if_still_not_installed(
@@ -92,17 +84,17 @@ class TestContainer(IsolationProviderTest):
         """When an image keep being not installed, it should return False"""
 
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "image", "ls"],
         )
 
         # First check should return nothing.
         fp.register_subprocess(
             [
-                provider.get_runtime(),
+                container_utils.get_runtime(),
                 "image",
                 "list",
                 "--format",
-                "{{.ID}}",
+                "{{ .Tag }}",
                 "dangerzone.rocks/dangerzone",
             ],
             occurrences=2,
@@ -111,9 +103,9 @@ class TestContainer(IsolationProviderTest):
         # Patch gzip.open and podman load so that it works
         mocker.patch("gzip.open", mocker.mock_open(read_data=""))
         fp.register_subprocess(
-            [provider.get_runtime(), "load"],
+            [container_utils.get_runtime(), "load"],
         )
-        with pytest.raises(ImageNotPresentException):
+        with pytest.raises(errors.ImageNotPresentException):
             provider.install()