from __future__ import division
import base64
import re
import os
import ast
import operator

from io import BytesIO, StringIO
import jinja2
from json import dumps, JSONEncoder
from flask import redirect, current_app, render_template
from flask_babel import get_locale
from babel import Locale
from werkzeug.routing import HTTPException, RoutingException
import six
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

import csv


def slugify(value):
    """Normalizes string, converts to lowercase, removes non-alpha characters,
    and converts spaces to hyphens.

    Copy/Pasted from ametaireau/pelican/utils itself took from django sources.
    """
    if isinstance(value, six.text_type):
        import unicodedata
        value = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', value)
        if six.PY2:
            value = value.encode('ascii', 'ignore')
    value = six.text_type(re.sub(r'[^\w\s-]', '', value).strip().lower())
    return re.sub(r'[-\s]+', '-', value)


class Redirect303(HTTPException, RoutingException):

    """Raise if the map requests a redirect. This is for example the case if
    `strict_slashes` are activated and an url that requires a trailing slash.

    The attribute `new_url` contains the absolute destination url.
    """
    code = 303

    def __init__(self, new_url):
        RoutingException.__init__(self, new_url)
        self.new_url = new_url

    def get_response(self, environ):
        return redirect(self.new_url, 303)


class PrefixedWSGI(object):

    '''
    Wrap the application in this middleware and configure the
    front-end server to add these headers, to let you quietly bind
    this to a URL other than / and to an HTTP scheme that is
    different than what is used locally.

    It relies on "APPLICATION_ROOT" app setting.

    Inspired from http://flask.pocoo.org/snippets/35/

    :param app: the WSGI application
    '''

    def __init__(self, app):
        self.app = app
        self.wsgi_app = app.wsgi_app

    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
        script_name = self.app.config['APPLICATION_ROOT']
        if script_name:
            environ['SCRIPT_NAME'] = script_name
            path_info = environ['PATH_INFO']
            if path_info.startswith(script_name):
                environ['PATH_INFO'] = path_info[len(script_name):]

        scheme = environ.get('HTTP_X_SCHEME', '')
        if scheme:
            environ['wsgi.url_scheme'] = scheme
        return self.wsgi_app(environ, start_response)


def minimal_round(*args, **kw):
    """ Jinja2 filter: rounds, but display only non-zero decimals

    from http://stackoverflow.com/questions/28458524/
    """
    # Use the original round filter, to deal with the extra arguments
    res = jinja2.filters.do_round(*args, **kw)
    # Test if the result is equivalent to an integer and
    # return depending on it
    ires = int(res)
    return (res if res != ires else ires)


def static_include(filename):
    fullpath = os.path.join(current_app.static_folder, filename)
    with open(fullpath, 'r') as f:
        return f.read()


def locale_from_iso(iso_code):
    return Locale.parse(iso_code)


def list_of_dicts2json(dict_to_convert):
    """Take a list of dictionnaries and turns it into
    a json in-memory file
    """
    return BytesIO(dumps(dict_to_convert).encode('utf-8'))


def list_of_dicts2csv(dict_to_convert):
    """Take a list of dictionnaries and turns it into
    a csv in-memory file, assume all dict have the same keys
    """
    # CSV writer has a different behavior in PY2 and PY3
    # http://stackoverflow.com/a/37974772
    try:
        if six.PY3:
            csv_file = StringIO()
            # using list() for py3.4 compat. Otherwise, writerows() fails
            # (expecting a sequence getting a view)
            csv_data = [list(dict_to_convert[0].keys())]
            for dic in dict_to_convert:
                csv_data.append([dic[h] for h in dict_to_convert[0].keys()])
        else:
            csv_file = BytesIO()
            csv_data = []
            csv_data.append([key.encode('utf-8') for key in dict_to_convert[0].keys()])
            for dic in dict_to_convert:
                csv_data.append(
                    [dic[h].encode('utf8')
                     if isinstance(dic[h], unicode) else str(dic[h]).encode('utf8')  # NOQA
                     for h in dict_to_convert[0].keys()])
    except (KeyError, IndexError):
        csv_data = []
    writer = csv.writer(csv_file)
    writer.writerows(csv_data)
    csv_file.seek(0)
    if six.PY3:
        csv_file = BytesIO(csv_file.getvalue().encode('utf-8'))
    return csv_file


# base64 encoding that works with both py2 and py3 and yield no warning
base64_encode = base64.encodestring if six.PY2 else base64.encodebytes


class LoginThrottler():
    """Simple login throttler used to limit authentication attempts based on client's ip address.
    When using multiple workers, remaining number of attempts can get inconsistent
    but will still be limited to num_workers * max_attempts.
    """
    def __init__(self, max_attempts=3, delay=1):
        self._max_attempts = max_attempts
        # Delay in minutes before resetting the attempts counter
        self._delay = delay
        self._attempts = {}

    def get_remaining_attempts(self, ip):
        return self._max_attempts - self._attempts.get(ip, [datetime.now(), 0])[1]

    def increment_attempts_counter(self, ip):
        # Reset all attempt counters when they get hungry for memory
        if len(self._attempts) > 10000:
            self.__init__()
        if self._attempts.get(ip) is None:
            # Store first attempt date and number of attempts since
            self._attempts[ip] = [datetime.now(), 0]
        self._attempts.get(ip)[1] += 1

    def is_login_allowed(self, ip):
        if self._attempts.get(ip) is None:
            return True
        # When the delay is expired, reset the counter
        if datetime.now() - self._attempts.get(ip)[0] > timedelta(minutes=self._delay):
            self.reset(ip)
            return True
        if self._attempts.get(ip)[1] >= self._max_attempts:
            return False
        return True

    def reset(self, ip):
        self._attempts.pop(ip, None)


def create_jinja_env(folder, strict_rendering=False):
    """Creates and return a Jinja2 Environment object, used, to load the
    templates.

    :param strict_rendering:
        if set to `True`, all templates which use an undefined variable will
        throw an exception (default to `False`).
    """
    loader = jinja2.PackageLoader('ihatemoney', folder)
    kwargs = {'loader': loader}
    if strict_rendering:
        kwargs['undefined'] = jinja2.StrictUndefined
    return jinja2.Environment(**kwargs)


class IhmJSONEncoder(JSONEncoder):
    """Subclass of the default encoder to support custom objects.
    Taken from the deprecated flask-rest package."""
    def default(self, o):
        if hasattr(o, "_to_serialize"):
            return o._to_serialize
        elif hasattr(o, "isoformat"):
            return o.isoformat()
        else:
            try:
                from flask_babel import speaklater
                if isinstance(o, speaklater.LazyString):
                    try:
                        return unicode(o)  # For python 2.
                    except NameError:
                        return str(o)  # For python 3.
            except ImportError:
                pass
            return JSONEncoder.default(self, o)


def eval_arithmetic_expression(expr):
    def _eval(node):
        # supported operators
        operators = {
            ast.Add: operator.add,
            ast.Sub: operator.sub,
            ast.Mult: operator.mul,
            ast.Div: operator.truediv,
            ast.USub: operator.neg,
        }

        if isinstance(node, ast.Num):  # <number>
            return node.n
        elif isinstance(node, ast.BinOp):  # <left> <operator> <right>
            return operators[type(node.op)](_eval(node.left), _eval(node.right))
        elif isinstance(node, ast.UnaryOp):  # <operator> <operand> e.g., -1
            return operators[type(node.op)](_eval(node.operand))
        else:
            raise TypeError(node)

    expr = str(expr)

    try:
        result = _eval(ast.parse(expr, mode='eval').body)
    except (SyntaxError, TypeError, ZeroDivisionError, KeyError):
        raise ValueError("Error evaluating expression: {}".format(expr))

    return result


def render_localized_template(template_name_prefix, **context):
    """Like render_template(), but selects the right template according to the
    current user language.  Fallback to English if a template for the
    current language does not exist.
    """
    fallback = "en"
    templates = ["{}.{}.j2".format(template_name_prefix, lang)
                 for lang in (get_locale().language, fallback)]
    # render_template() supports a list of templates to try in order
    return render_template(templates, **context)